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AIM:To explore the effect of CXCL16 deficiency on streptozocin ( STZ)-induced diabetic nephrop-athy in mice.METHODS:CXCL16 knockout ( C16 KO) mice (8 years old) were used to build up diabetes model by treating with STZ.Age-and gender-matched wild-type ( WT) C57BL/6J mice treated with STZ were used as control.All mice were fed with chow diets for 12 weeks, and the development of diabetic nephropathy was evaluated.RESULTS:Compared with the WT mice treated with STZ, C16 KO mice treated with STZ presented lower fasting glucose levels and better glucose tolerance power.C16 KO mice treated with STZ also had lower urine protein levels and smaller areas of glo-merular injury as compared with WT mice treated with STZ.Furthermore, CXCL16 deficiency decreased the contents of re-nal reactive oxygen species ( ROS) , malondialdehyde ( MDA) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein ( ox-LDL) and the mR-NA expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (Lox-1), and attenuated the expression of renal in-flammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor α( TNF-α) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6) , as well as chemokines including intercellular cell adhesion molecular 1 (ICAM-1) and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1).CONCLUSION:CX-CL16 deficiency obviously inhibits the development of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of propofol and remifentanil concentrations in human plasma.Methods Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers of both sexes,aged 18-45 yr,weighing 52-81 kg,were enrolled in the study.Venous blood samples were collected,and the concentrations of propofol and remifentanil in human plasma were detected simultaneously by HPLC.The internal standard was thymol.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 mol/L was added to the plasma and then the plasma samples were extracted with extract liquor (ethyl acetate ∶ hexane =4 ∶ 1,V/V).The analytical column was ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase was methano ∶ 0.02 mol/L NaH2PO4 ∶ acetonitrile,the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 210 nm within 1-7 min,and 266 nm within 7-16 min,and the sample size was 20 μl.Linear regression analysis was performed by using the least-squares method.The specimens of the blood with the final concentration of remifentanil 1.00,5.00 and 20.00 ng/ml and propofol 0.50,2.00 and 10.00 μg/ml were obtained to determine the recovery,precision and stability.Results Linear regression equation of remifentanil was C=12.853 5Ai/As+0.084 8 (R2 =0.999 4),and this system showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of remifentanil ranged 0.5-40.0 ng/ml.Linear regression equation of propofol was C=8.554 3 Ai/As+0.029 1 (R2=0.998 6),and this system showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of propofol ranged 0.2-20.0 μg/ml.For both propofol and remifentanil concentrations,the relative recovery was within the range of 85％-115％,the absolute recovery was larger than 75％,and the relative standard deviation of intra-and inter-day precision and stability was less than 5％.The method was proved to meet the requirements of biological sample analysis.Conclusion For HPLC method established in this trial,the determination is sensitive,reproducible,rapid and simple,and it can be used for simultaneous determination of propofol and remifentanil concentrations in human plasma and for clinical pharmacokinetic research.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the evolvement of clinical parenteral nutrition(PN)supportive treatment in our hospital.METHODS:The application of parenteral nutrition solution in a total of 657 patients in our hospital were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' diseases,the ingredients of the PN solution,daily cost,course of treatment and adverse reactions etc.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The application of PN solution is characterized by broad disease spectrum of patients,multi-departments,scientific in nutritional ingredients and reasonable in costs.However,monitoring should be emphasized in clinical use of the PN solution to prevent the PN-associated complications.